ECOSYSTEM - Advance level (NEET/AIIMS Online Practice Exam)

How much amount of light is used in the production process by plants?
1. 1 to 5 %
2. 5 % - 10 %
3. 20 to 40 %
4. more than 70%
The energy which is utilized by the living world is primarily :-
1. heat
2. electricity
3. light
4. kinetic
Who proposed the ‘law of maximum’ ?
1. R.L. Smith
2. C. Paul
3. J.V. Leibig
4. V.E. Shelford
The plant, Zizpyphus rotundifolia is an indicator of indicator of :-
1. sandy loam soil
2. high lme soil
3. soil formation
4. soil erosion
Which region of the sea will have maximum, productivity?
1. Coastal
2. continental shelf water level
3. Deep sea
4. very deep sea
Which of the following soils is most susceptible for water logging?
1. sandy
2. silt
3. Clay
4. Loam
Assertion (A): There is no loss of water by transpiration below the forest canopy.
Reason (R) : forest conopy is exposed to sunlight and wind fury and acts as effective wind and light barrier :-
1. Both (a) and (r) are true and (r) explains (a)
2. both (a) and (r) are true but (r) does not explain (a)
3. (a) is true but (r) is false
4. (a) is false but (r) is true.
Microclimate is :-
1. specific climatic condition to which an organism is exposed in its habita
2. climate during a particular season
3. climate during a given short period
4. None of these
Alluvial soils are mostly found in which region :-
1. Eastern Ghats
2. Southern India
3. Upper Gangetic plants
4. Eastern Himalaya
Mangrove vegetation is found in:-
1. Sundarbans
2. Kullu valley
3. Dehradun valley
4. Western chats
The amount of energy, utilized by herbivores from the plant is:-
1. 5%
2. 10%
3. 50%
4. 90%
Which of the following is a characteristic of desert animals?
1. spines
2. thick hide
3. long limbs
4. all of above
Organisms which can tolerate narrow range of temperature are called :-
1. polythermal
2. stenothermal
3. oligothermal
4. eurythermal
Viviparous germination is found in:-
1. hydrophytes
2. xerophytes
3. halophytes
4. mesophytes
Plants flourishing in acidic soils are:-
1. psammophytes
2. oxalophytes
3. sciophytes
4. heliophytes
The efficiency of any ecosystem is best depicted by pyramid of :-
1. energy
2. number
3. biomass
4. volume
If the primary producers are absent from any ecosystem which of the following will occur?
1. herbivores will not survive
2. carnivores will not survive
3. both will be disintegrated because of food absence
4. no change will take place
Biotic components include :-
1. producers only
2. consumers only
3. producers and consumers only
4. producers, consumers and decomposers
Energy flow in ecosystem is :-
1. unidirectional
2. bidirectional
3. multidirectional
4. none of above
The term, ‘antibiosis’ applies to the production of :-
1. chemical poisons
2. antibiotics
3. allelopathic agents
4. all above
Synecology is :-
1. ecological study of groups of plant or animal
2. the ecological studies of two distinct species living in separate but similar environmental conditions
3. ecology of benthic forms
4. ecological role of sunlight
One of Eltonian pyramids have to be upright always :-
1. energy
2. biomass
3. number
4. All of these
Eltonian pyramids of numbers are upright in one of the following ecosystem :-
1. grassland
2. tree
3. pond
4. both ‘grassland’ and ‘pond’
Which of the following does not contribute directly to the recycling pathways of trophics?
1. Bacteria and fungi feeders
2. carnivores
3. plants
4. herbivores
The correct match is :-
1. Producers – act upon the decomposed substance and transform them into different forms of inorganic and organic substance
2. Consumers – are autotrophic members of ecosystem
3. Decomposers – feed upon dead decaying living organisms and break them into simpler compound fit for use of producers
4. None above
When frog eats grasshopper which thrives on green plants, the frog is :-
1. Primary producer
2. Herbivore
3. Primary carnivore
4. Top consume
Largest ecosystem in the world is contributed by :-
1. forests
2. rivers
3. oceans
4. grasslands
Pyramid of number for forest ecosystem is :-
1. upright
2. inverted
3. both "upright" & "inverted"
4. None above
Grasshopper in grassland is :-
1. producer
2. herbivore
3. carnivore
4. None above
When frog eats grasshopper which thrives on green plants, the frog is :-
1. primary producer
2. herbivore
3. primary carnivore
4. top consumer
The last organisms of the food chain are generally :-
1. photosynthetic plants
2. herbivores
3. carnivores
4. decomposers
The first trophic level in any kind of food chain is always a green plant because :-
1. of their wide distribution
2. they alone have a capacity to fix atmospheric CO₂, in the presence/ absence of sunlight
3. their richness in chlorophyll
4. their capacity to convert light energy to chemical energy.
The creating force of an any ecosystem is :-
1. Selaginellaorganic fuels, carbohydrates
2. biomass
3. solar energy
4. producers
The primary consumers in a pond ecosystem is :-
1. phytoplankton
2. zooplankton
3. fishes
4. bacteria
The correct sequence of components through which energy may pass from initial source, through an ecosystem is :-
1. sun–autotrophs–heterotrophs – environment - space
2. space–environment–heterotrophs– autotrophs - sun
3. sun – space – environment–heterotrophs – autotrophs
4. sun – space – environment – autotrophs - heterotrophs
The type of food chain in which organic matter decomposed is converted into energy rich compounds is called :-
1. detritus food chain
2. grazing food chain
3. cybernatics
4. none above
The study of individual organism’s relationship with its environment is called :-
1. synecology
2. menoecology
3. autecology
4. ecology
Free – swimming aquatic animals which swim independent of wave & current action are known as :-
1. zooplankton
2. nekton
3. benthos
4. ecology
In an ecosystem, the population of :-
1. primary producers is larger than primary consumers
2. secondary consumers is largest
3. primary consumers out numbers primary producers
4. primary consumers are least dependent upon primary producers
The study of fresh water ecology is :-
1. hydrology
2. ecology
3. limnology
4. geology
The number of primary produces with in a specified area would be minimum in :-
1. grassland
2. pond ecosystem
3. desert
4. forest ecosystem
They can be put in the category of primary consumers :-
1. eagles and tigers
2. fishes and whales
3. snakes and frogs
4. Insects & cattles
The rate at which new tissues are formed in producers is the ecosystem’s :-
1. net primary productivity
2. gross primary productivity
3. net secondary productivity
4. gross secondary productivity
Illuminated zone or producing zone of sea is :-
1. euphotic stratum(Photic)
2. dysphotic stratum
3. aphotic stratum
4. none of above
Words ‘standing state crop’ in ecosystem refer to :-
1. living components
2. non – living components
3. both living and non – living components
4. none of above
One of following is a true micro – ecosystem :-
1. one litre of water from a pond kept in an air tight flask
2. one litre of tap water in a flask covered over by cotton plug
3. ten litre of boiled pond water covered over by a lid
4. one litre of pond water closed with a cork having gas exchange tube.
The best arrangement of an energy system consisting of hawks, snakes, mice & grasses is :-
1. grass → mice →snake → hawks
2. grass → snake → mice → hawks
3. grass → mice → hawksc → snakes
4. mice → snake → hawks → grass
Which of the following organisms can convert ammonium or nitrates into amino acids?
1. scavengers
2. producers
3. primary detritivores
4. primary consumers
Importance of ecosystem maintenance lies in :-
1. cycling of materials
2. flow of energy
3. both "cycling of materials" & "flow of energy"
4. none of these
An aquatic ecosystem consists of :-
1. biotic factors
2. biotic and abiotic factors
3. consumers only
4. producers only
If a big fish eats small fish which eats Hydra who in turn eats water fleas; water fleas in turn eat phytoplankton. In this chain, water fleas will be :-
1. producers
2. primary consumers
3. secondary consumers
4. top consumer
The approximate quantity of organic matter produced per annum on the earth by photo atrophic organisms is :-
1. 10 billion tons
2. 1000 billion tons
3. 175 billion tons
4. 177 billion tons
The graphic representation of trophic level is represented by a pyramid. Which of the following pyramid is always a true pyramid unlike the others?
1. pyramid of number
2. pyraid of biomass
3. both ‘pyramid of number’ and ‘pyraid of biomass'
4. pyramid of energy
Ecesis is :-
1. establishment of a plant in a new place
2. a condition of equilibrium
3. climax
4. invasion of a number of plants
In food chain the saprophytic organisms are :-
1. Porduces
2. Consumers
3. Predators
4. Decomposers
The pyramid of number in a grassland ecodystem is :-
1. always erect
2. always inverted
3. either erect or inverted
4. irregular
The bacteria which attack dead animals are :-
1. first link of the food chain and are known as primary producers
2. second link of the food chain and are herbivorous
3. third link of the food chain and are tertiary consumers
4. the end of food chain and are decomposers
The term, ‘Eco’ refers as :-
1. biosphere
2. environment
3. organisms
4. plants
Which one of the following components of ecosystem comes from outside?
1. oxygen
2. Insects
3. temperature
4. energy
The place where fresh water joins the salt water is called as :-
1. island
2. lagoon
3. beach
4. estuary
Select false statement about coniferous forest :-
1. they are found in cold regions of heavy rainfall and high humidity
2. they have long winters with short summers
3. the soil is basic (alkaline) and mineral rich
4. essential nutrients like Ca, N and K are leached down due to absence of evaporation
The largest brackish water lake in India is :-
1. wullar lake
2. sambhar lake
3. kabar lake
4. chilka lake
If less light falls on the pond’s surface :-
1. size of fishes become larger
2. the size of fish population become smaller
3. the size of fish population is no way connected
4. mutation will take place in fishes
A pond is a :-
1. a biome
2. a community of plants and animals
3. a natural ecosystem
4. none of above
Read the following statements about forest biome and select the correct answer
I) Temperature is generally lower in summer and higher in winter
II) The days are cooer and nights are warmer than in the surroundings
III) The floor of the forest is carpeted with lichens and mosses
IV) Moisture content of the soil remains stable for longer periods because of absence of evaporation :-
1. I and II are correct
2. II and III are correct
3. I, III and IV are correct
4. all are correct
Pick up incorrect match :-
1. Neritic zone shallow water zone on continental shelf
2. ocean region – region of the open sea beyond the continental shelf
3. bathyal zone – region of continental slope and rise
4. abyssal region – light compensation
‘Biomes’ describe :-
1. desert vegetation.
2. major ecological groupings of plants
3. major ecological groupings of animals
4. relation between plants, animals and climate
Ecological niche is :-
1. the surface area of the ocean
2. an ecologically adapted zone
3. the physical position and functional role of a species within the community
4. formed of all plants and animals living at the bottom of a lake
The law of minimum was put forward by :-
1. Robertson
2. Leiberg
3. Blackman
4. Lindeman
An ecosystem resist change because it is in a state of :-
1. They are highly efficient
2. homeostasis
3. shortage of components
4. deficiency of light
The density of a population in a given habitat during a given period, fluctuates due to changes in?
1. Immgration, Natility
2. Mortality
3. Emigration
4. All the above
Which one statement is correct regarding man made ecosystem? :-
1. they are highly efficient
2. they are poor in diversity
3. they are vulnerable to drought, floods and diseases
4. All are correct
If an ecosystem is composed of only three trophic levels, then how much energy will be conserved at the III trophic level :-
1. 30%
2. 20%
3. 10%
4. 0.1%
The spread of prickly pear(Opuntia) in India can be controlled by :-
1. Letting loose cattles to consume them
2. Encourage the birds for seed dispersal
3. Spraying hormones
4. Introducing cochineal insects
A depleting source of energy is :-
1. Wind
2. Sunlight
3. Fossil fuel
4. Water
The competitive exclusion principle was first described by Gause for species of :-
1. protozoa
2. grass
3. mice
4. birds
Many angiosperms and ferns synthesize a molecule similar to ecdysone. It causes the insect herbivores that eat it to :-
1. become tiny adults and leave few offsprings
2. die
3. stop feeding
4. fail to reporduce
In ecological sense desert animals are termed :-
1. arboreal
2. benthos
3. cursorial
4. xeric
An animal species was found to have wide tolerance towards salinity and habitat conditions but narrow towards temperature conditions. Which of the statements expresses the said specides correctly?
1. Stemothermal, euryhaline and euryecious
2. eurythermal, stenohaline and stenophagic
3. eurythermal, euryhaline and stenoecious
4. Stenophagic, euryhaline & eury – thermal.
The most striking difference between tropical rain forest and temperature forest is that :-
1. the tropical rain forests have preponderance of angiosperms while the temperate one have preponderace of gymnosperms
2. trees of temperaute forests are tailer than those of tropical rain forests
3. giants of temperate forests comparatively more mesophytic
4. tropical forests are comparatively more homogenous
The vegetation found between tree line and snow line is called :-
1. Canyon effect
2. Savanaha
3. Alpine meadow
4. Open deciduous forest
Sargassum and Laminaria are the members of which of the following ecosystem?
1. Terrestrial biomes
2. Tropical rain forest
3. Fresh water biome
4. Marine biome
The pyramid of energy in any ecosystem is :-
1. always upright or inverted
2. may be upright
3. always inverted
4. none of above
Aldrovanda is :-
1. Primary producer
2. Consumer
3. Primary producer and consumer
4. Secondary consumer
Extensive geographical belt of forest known as ‘Taiga’, belongs to :-
1. Coniferous forest
2. Temperate forest
3. Tropical forest
4. Sub – tropical forest
The major characteristics of the vegetation f a locality are controlled by :-
1. man only
2. mainly climate
3. animals only
4. altitude of place only
Pneumatophores are found in vegetation of which ecosystem?
1. Desert
2. Tropical rain forest
3. Sunderband
4. none of these
Primary productivity can be measured by
1. harvest method
2. chlorophyll content
3. oxygen given out
4. all above
Alpine plants which are commonly found at the top of mountains show
1. Xerophytism
2. Hydrophytism
3. Semitism
4. none of above
Temperate evergreen forests are found in
1. Himalayan ranges
2. Western ghats
3. Aravalli ranges
4. Assam
Which must be preserved in an ecosystem if the system is to be maintained?
1. Producers and carnivores
2. Producers and decomposer
3. Carnivores and decomposer
4. Herbivores and carnivores
The character of an ecosystem is determined by the environment factor which is in shortest supply. This is the :-
1. law of minimum
2. law of diminishing returns
3. law of limiting factors
4. law of supply and demand
In a tree ecosystem, the pyramid of number is :-
1. upright
2. inverted
3. both of "upright" & "inverted"
4. none of these
An ecosystem must have continuous external source of :-
1. food
2. minerals
3. energy
4. all of above
The study of the interactions of the individual organism or a single species with the living & non–living components of its environment is :-
1. autecology
2. autoecious
3. autogamy
4. autonomic
The factors governing the nature of temperature, solutes, humus contents, nature of the soil etc, are considered as :-
1. biotic factors
2. edaphic factors
3. climatic factors
4. niche
What are biotic components?
1. The non – living components
2. The living components
3. Both living & non – living components
4. None of above
Which factor is responsible for poor vegetation in deserts?
1. over grazing by animals
2. low rainfall
3. poor fertility of soil
4. native mankind
Whale will be included in which trophic level of an ecosystem:-
1. Primary consumer
2. Secondary consumer
3. Tertiary consumer
4. Top consumer
Milk and curd feeder will be included in which trophic level of an ecosystem:-
1. Primary consumer
2. Secondary consumer
3. Tertiary consumer
4. Top consumer

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ECOSYSTEM - Advance level (NEET/AIIMS Online Practice Exam)

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